A new defense against kernelmode exploits help net security. Details of this vulnerability are being presented at the blackhat security conference in las vegas this week. Critical patch update patches are generally cumulative, but each advisory describes only the security fixes added since the previous critical patch update advisory. Uefi implementations do not properly secure the efi s3. The bug in several different operating systems and hypevisors, like the xen virtualization software, affects systems using 64bit intel cpu hardware. Waking the system from s3 sleep state vmm hypervisor. Bromium researcher rafal wojtczuk and mitre corps corey kallenberg said the bug in the fsvariable. Rafal wojtczuk inventions, patents and patent applications justia. This sounds like a farfetched reality, but in june a vulnerability within operating systems and virtualization stacks that run on intel cpus was discovered and reported by rafal wojtczuk who currently works for bromium. At the black hat usa 2014 security conference, bromium researcher rafal wojtczuk disclosed the details of multiple vulnerabilities affecting oracles vm virtualbox. A critical patch update cpu is a collection of patches for multiple security vulnerabilities. Tizen an open source, standardsbased software platform for multiple device categories. Tsegmb, which protects smram against dma, is also unlocked, say rafal wojtczuk from bromium, and corey kallenberg of the mitre corporation, the researchers who discovered the vulnerability.
For more information please see the blog entry by rafal wojtczuk from bromium labs or the black hat presentation by yeongjin, sangho, and taesoo from georgia institute of technology. Rafal wojtczuk endpoint security via application sandboxing and. Specializing primarily in kernel and virtualization security, over the years, he has disclosed many security vulnerabilities in popular operating system kernels and virtualization software. The vulnerability was found by researcher rafal wojtczuk from security firm bromium. With physical access, reprogramming the firmware is accomplished trivially with a. A software module executes on a first operating system running. My favorite category however and the one that usually elicits the best audience response, is the pwnie for the most epic fail. The certcc at carnegie mellon university today released three advisories warning of vulnerabilities that affect some unified extensible firmware interface uefi systems and the bios of some intel chipsets. Analysis of the attack surface of windows 10 virtualizationbased security rafal wojtczuk, 31 july 2016 abstract in windows 10, microsoft introduced virtualizationbased security vbs, the set of security solutions based on a hypervisor. Hardware involved software attacks by jeff forristal 5. Slides pdf, speed racer whitepaper pdf, venamis whitepaper pdf, video youtube analyzing uefi bios from attacker and defender viewpoints first publication date. My name is rafal and i am a friendly and hairy developer, based in london, uk.
Dec 23, 2014 intel would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for reporting the issue and working with us. Rafalwojtczuk corey kallenberg overwrite the contents of the firmware uefi, which is typically stored on a spi flash chip that is soldered to the motherboard. Rafal wojtczuk corey kallenberg overwrite the contents of the firmware uefi. Jan 06, 2015 buffer overflow vulnerability found in uefi edk1.
Uefi implementations do not properly secure the efi s3 resume. Conference on composable software supply chain integrity and. Corey kallenberg describes the vulnerability as follows. Cert warns of uefi hardware vulnerabilities cyber security. Jan 05, 2015 tsegmb, which protects smram against dma, is also unlocked, say rafal wojtczuk from bromium, and corey kallenberg of the mitre corporation, the researchers who discovered the vulnerability.
Apr 02, 2015 by rafal wojtczuk hypervisors have become a key element of both cloud and client computing. Breaking hypervisors and virtual security it security guru. Bromium labs jared demott, formerly a third place bluehat prize winner, will pwn microsoft again by bypassing control flow guard in windows. Intel would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for reporting the issue and working with us. Only software attacks against the firmware are considered with physical access, reprogramming the firmware is accomplished trivially with a flash programmer. Uefi utilizes various nonvolatile variables to communicate information back and forth between the operating system and the firmware. If not using smartcard based authentication, then the plaintext credentials can be captured by keylogger and used anywhere, anytime.
By rafal wojtczuk hypervisors have become a key element of both cloud and client computing. System privilege escalation vulnerability found in xen on. Jan 07, 2015 the boot script plays an important role in ensuring the system remains secure during the startup process, according to the two security researchers rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey. The serious holes were identified by the researchers rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey kallenberg of. Bromium advanced malware protection with application. I am also trying to keep up with the cool stuff by attending amazing local meet ups. The boot script dictates various memory and port readwrite operations to facilitate this reinitialization.
Former bluehat prize winner will bypass control flow guard in windows 10 former bluehat prize winner jared demott will be pwning microsoft again, this time at derbycon, by bypassing cfg. Jun, 2012 new virtualization vulnerability allows escape to hypervisor attacks. Bromiums advanced malware protection system moves you from reactive to proactive using virtualizationbased security application isolation which isolates malware to stop attacks. Currently, im serving my duty at government digital service. The security advisories published by certcc confirm that potentially impacted vendors were notified in september and october. The boot script plays an important role in ensuring the system remains secure during the startup process, according to the two security researchers rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey. Overwrite the contents of the firmware uefi, which is typically stored on a spi flash chip that is soldered to the motherboard. So oracle strongly recommends that customers test changes on non, the corresponding cvss impact scores for confidentiality, each vulnerability is identified by a which is a unique identifier for a vulnerability.
This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the united states patent and trademark office uspto. Nov 16, 2014 dma attacks against mcafee deepsafe rafal wojtczuk from bromium. Endpoint security via application sandboxing and virtualization. Rafal wojtczuk from bromium, corey kallenberg from legbacore, and intel advanced threat research. The cert coordination center at the software engineering institute at.
Windows 10 security impresses hackers windows is a popular attack target for criminals and researchers alike, but microsoft has done a good job of making it harder to target security. Rafal wojtczuk bromium specializing primarily in kernel and virtualization security, over the years, he has disclosed many security vulnerabilities in popular operating system kernels and virtualization software. Stop relying on outdated detecttoprotect methods and improve performance while reducing costs. The organization has published three separate advisories for security holes identified by researchers rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey kallenberg of the mitre corporation. Bromium labs researchers to present at 2014 black hat. In response to receiving a request to perform an action, an isolated environment such as but not limited to a virtual machine is instantiated without receiving an explicit user instruction to do so. Rafal wojtczuk has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. It ended up being far more comprehensive than we initially thought, so we decided to call it application sandboxes. Dhs warns of uefi hardware vulnerabilities threatpost. Hypervisors have a key role in platform security, leveraging a. Oct 23, 2014 at the black hat usa 2014 security conference, bromium researcher rafal wojtczuk disclosed the details of multiple vulnerabilities affecting oracles vm virtualbox.
Aug 09, 2012 this sounds like a farfetched reality, but in june a vulnerability within operating systems and virtualization stacks that run on intel cpus was discovered and reported by rafal wojtczuk who currently works for bromium. Kernel address space layout randomization kaslr recovery software. Wojtczuk warned that while hypervisor vulnerabilities are relatively rare, they do exist and they can pose a serious risk to enterprises if they are neglected. Rafal wojtczuk has over 15 years of experience with computer. Intel, two other vendors patch firmware vulnerability. Researchers find several uefi vulnerabilities securityweek. Rafal wojtczuk from bromium, corey kallenberg from the mitre corporation, and intel advanced threat research. Buffer overflow reported in uefi edk1 the register. The utility can be run as a normal program and requires no administrative privileges. Rafal wojtczuk has over 15 years of experience with computer security. For the stable distribution squeeze, this problem has been fixed in. Approaches for executing untrusted software on a client without compromising the client using microvirtualization to execute untrusted software in isolated contexts.
During the uefi s3 resume path, a boot script is interpreted to reinitialize the platform. There is still a problem with how the unencrypted credentials are initially delivered to vtl1 which happens during logon. It is without doubt that hypervisors are going to be commonplace in future devices, and play an. According to rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey kallenberg of the mitre corporation, a buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the reclaim function. For the stable distribution squeeze, this problem has been fixed in version 8.
Compromise the rest of the software stack brick the platform survive os reinstallations. Im happy to announce that the legend rafal wojtczuk has joined us at apple. The beauty of virtualisation is you can do it at one layer, but assume the hypervisor can be attacked, and if it can be attacked within sandbox it increases the. Rafal wojtczuk has a new entry on the bromium labs blog, on microsofts control flow guard security feature, and evading it. Only software attacks against the firmware are considered.
Cert cc warns about critical flaws in uefi implementations. The flaw was discovered by rafal wojtczuk bromium and corey kallenberg the mitre corporation, who said that the weakness was present in. Rafal wojtczuk, principal security architect at bromium, has specialized in kernel and virtualization security, over the years he has disclosed many. Im excited to announce a new research report from bromium labs, written by myself and rafal wojtczuk. Jan 06, 2015 hardware and firmware vulnerabilities, such as these reported by corey kallenberg of mitre corp. Rafal said that normally you do not choose between security and isolation, as you wrap all it all in a sandbox in the virtual machine where the attacker would have break out of both. Kaslrfinder is a small utility that can be used to find where in memory the windows 10 kernel and its drivers are loaded despite the addresses being randomized by kernel address space layout randomization kaslr.
Jan 05, 2015 cert warns of uefi hardware vulnerabilities. Jan 07, 2015 the serious holes were identified by the researchers rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey kallenberg of the mitre corporation. Rafal wojtczuk, a security researcher at bromium, demonstrated at black hat how mimikatz a tool that allows bad actors to extract cleartext passwords and password hashes from memory. Please also have a look at my blog entry, windows 10 kaslr recovery with tsx, describing a bit more indepth about kaslrfinder and how it works. In this paper, we will talk about details of vbs implementation and assess the.
The software module determines that the first operating system has caused data to the written to a first clipboard maintained by the first operating system. The experts disclosed the uefi vulnerabilities in a presentation at the chaos communication congress ccc in germany in late december. Local privilege escalation vulnerability affects multiple virtualization products on xen platform, would allow attacker to run arbitrary code or access any account, warns uscert. Hardware and firmware vulnerabilities, such as these reported by corey kallenberg of mitre corp. Rafal wojtczuk, a security researcher at bromium, demonstrated at black hat how mimikatz a tool that allows bad actors to extract cleartext passwords and password hashes from memory would. The tsx instructions are available on all skylake cpus. The bug in several different operating systems and hypevisors, like the xen virtualization software, affects systems using 64. The companys founders led development of the xen hypervisor as well as the creation of hyperspace, the worlds first firmwareintegrated client hypervisor. Rafal wojtczuk from bromium discovered that freebsd wasnt handling correctly uncanonical return addresses on intel amd64 cpus, allowing privilege escalation to kernel for local users. A blog focusing on the technologies and practices for system and low level, embedded, firmware, os internals, computer security, hypervisor.
A software module executes in a first isolated execution environment. Rafal wojtczuk inventions, patents and patent applications. Secure boot was introduced upon the release of windows 8 and is supposed to ensure that only software trusted by. The best privilege escalation bug went to bromiums rafal wojtczuk for the intel x64 sysret privilege escalation flaw. Jul 22, 2012 rafal wojtczuk from bromium discovered that freebsd wasnt handling correctly uncanonical return addresses on intel amd64 cpus, allowing privilege escalation to kernel for local users. In response to receiving a request to perform an action, an isolated environment such as but not limited to a virtual machine is instantiated without receiving an. Wojtczuk announced his findings at the black hat security conference here. Bromium s advanced malware protection system moves you from reactive to proactive using virtualizationbased security application isolation which isolates malware to stop attacks.
Oracle critical patch update advisory july 2014 description. Rafal wojtczuk analysis of the attack surface of windows 10 vbs. Jun 29, 2015 intel would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for reporting the issue and working with us. Hastilywritten newsinfo on the firmware securitydevelopment communities, sorry for the typos. Bromium was founded in 2011 by gaurav banga, simon crosby and ian pratt. Jul 25, 20 im excited to announce a new research report from bromium labs, written by myself and rafal wojtczuk. Jan 06, 2015 cert warns of uefi hardware vulnerabilities.
Specializing primarily in kernel and virtualization security, over the years he has disclosed many security vulnerabilities in popular operating system kernels and virtualization software. Uefi vulnerability allows bypassing the secure boot on. Wojtczuk detailed his flaw during a talk at black hat here today as well. Hypervisors have a key role in platform security, leveraging a reduced attack surface to provide robust isolation and containment in a way that commodity operating systems have proven too complex to provide. According to rafal wojtczuk of bromium and corey kallenberg of the mitre corporation.
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